The 4 Types of Material Handling Equipment

What is Material Handling Equipment?
From the simplest shelf to the most complex lights-out facilities (warehouse automation that can operate in the dark), warehouses rely on a lot of different types of material handling equipment. It’s hard to keep track of every machine and device out there, but the different types of material handling equipment all fall into four broad categories.
So what are these material handling equipment types, and what exactly is material handling? Material handling is the loading, unloading, storage, and movement of goods inside a factory or warehouse, usually with the help of mechanical devices. Material handling equipment, then, is any device that helps a facility run by moving and storing products.
Type 1: Storage and Handling Equipment
This is the simplest of the material handling equipment types, and it’s so basic you might not even think of it as equipment. Storage equipment includes the shelves and racks that hold material between the time it was received and its shipment. Many of these solutions take advantage of vertical space so a warehouse can hold more inventory in the same footprint. Bins, drawers, stacking frames, flow racks, cantilever racks, and mezzanines also belong in this category.
Type 2: Bulk Material Handling Equipment
Bulk material handling equipment is built for storing, transporting, and controlling material in loose, unpackaged form. If you’re working with large volumes of material all at once, this is likely the category you need. A silo, a tall cylinder that can hold something like grain, is a classic example.
Other examples include:
- Stackers and Reclaimers: Large machines that build material into piles and pick it back up again.
- Hoppers: Picture a large metal funnel. It stores material and releases an exact quantity out the bottom.
- Grain Elevators: Buildings used to store grain. A series of buckets on a track automatically carries grain to the top of the building, where it can be funneled into different silos.
- Bucket Elevators: Similar to a grain elevator, these use buckets to lift large amounts of material.
- Conveyor Belts: Moving belts that transport material. They can be combined into more complex conveyor systems, which are considered engineered systems. If you want a conveyor system for your business, contact DCS.
- Dump Trucks: Another type of industrial vehicle used to transport bulk material.
- Screw Conveyors: A screw-shaped device inside a tube that turns to move material along.
- Rotary Car Dumpers: Machines that rotate a rail car to empty out its contents.
Type 3: Industrial Trucks
Industrial trucks are vehicles or equipment that move materials from place to place. Some are operated by workers, and some run automatically. Automatic guided vehicles (AGVs) fall under both engineered systems and industrial trucks.
Other examples are:
- Hand Trucks: Also called dollies, these simple, L-shaped devices let you carry material at a tilt.
- Side-Loaders: Used to load materials in narrow aisles where other trucks may be too wide.
- Pallet Trucks: Hand-operated or electric devices that slide into pallets to move them.
- Walkie Stackers: These lift and transport pallets much like a forklift, but without a place for the operator to ride. They come in both powered and manual versions.
- Order Pickers: Vehicles that lift a worker off the ground so they can reach high packages.
- Platform Trucks: Similar to a dolly, but with a wider platform.
- Forklifts: Vehicles used to lift and transport heavy items.
Type 4: Engineered Systems
TThe final category of material handling equipment involves more complex systems made up of multiple components, usually in the form of warehouse automation.
Examples include AGVs; conveyor belt or robotic delivery systems, which come in many shapes and sizes; and automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS), which often incorporate AGVs or autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) to make warehouses more efficient. Essentially, engineered systems cover anything that moves materials around the warehouse so workers don’t have to.
This is the most complicated and most expensive of the different types of material handling equipment. It often blends elements from the other three categories into larger, more expansive systems, so it takes a lot of time and research before making an investment.
A Material Handling Integrator Can Help
Your warehouse is unique and requires a unique solution. If you’re updating your current warehouse system and wondering what kind of material handling equipment you need, contact DCS. As an independent, brand agnostic material handling systems integrator, DCS designs, engineers and integrates a system tailored to your needs and specifications.




















